Latin American Music Nationalism is often understood as a 20th-century movement represented by composers such as Silvestre Revueltas (Mexico), Alberto Ginastera (Argentina) and Heitor Villa-Lobos (Brazil) among others. In this episode, SE favorite Karin Cuellar-Rendon and the Ximenez Quartet trace the early nation-building efforts of 19th-century Latin American composers Pedro Ximénez Abril Tirado (Bolivia-Peru), José Bernardo Alzedo (Chile), and Chiquinha Gonzaga (Brazil) who integrated elements of the European classical tradition with local musical genres.